Software Design and Engineering

Dependability and scalability form the basis of modern big data infrastructures and are therefore key capabilities for data engineering. Based on the principles of Dependability and Scalability, Group Communication, Replication and Transactions are developed, merged within the framework of the CAP principle and their implementation and multiple trade-offs are studied using current New SQL databases. A practical implementation project serves to consolidate what has been learned.

• Dependability and fault tolerance, redundancy, consensus problem.
• Group Communication, Group Membership, Message Ordering, Atomic Multicast, Virtual Synchrony.
• Replication as Scaling and Dependability Technique, Consistency, Primary-backup Replication, Active Replication, Quorum Replication, Epidemic Protocols.
• Transactions, Concurrency Control, Recovery, Locking, Distributed Commit.
• Scalability basics, Tradeoff between Dependability and Scalability, CAP Principle.
• Big Data Basics, NewSQL Datastores and their implementation of the CAP principle as Infrastructure for Data Engineering.

Lecture, distance learning support and seminar presentations, practical project.

Continuous assessment: Immanent assessment of student presentations, written test, practical project in small group.

Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities in order to meet project requirements. Project managers have the task of fulfilling the expectations of stakeholders.

The

LV covers in particular the following contents:

• The deepening into the knowledge areas of project managementIntegration managementContent
  • and scope managementTime managementCost managementQuality managementPersonnel managementCommunication managementRisk managementProcurement managementProject
  • Stakeholder
• managementThe project management across cultural boundariesThe
• management of virtual
• teamsUse
• agile
• approaches in projects

Case studies, lecture

Final exam: Final examination, preparation of a case study

Cloud Providers such as Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, Exoscale, or Upcloud simplify the deployment of an IT-Infrastructure.

This means that a compute network is available without having to provision these on your own local computer or your own datacenter.

Cloud providers also offer a programmable interface to create these cloud resources dynamically.

The course addresses the architectures listed above in theory and practice, as well as essential framework conditions for the use of cloud applications (underlying technologies, commercial models, cloud-native software development, data protection & data security).

Specifically, the course covers the following topics:

• Business context: The importance of cloud computing in the context of the "digital transformation of the economy", cloud business models (overbooking and sharing of resources with pay-as-you-Go & serverless computing approaches), organizational-legal framework conditions (data protection/GDPR)
• Basic technologies: server virtualization, container technologies, and software-defined networkingcomparison of
• established cloud platforms: Use of Amazon AWS & Lambda, Google Cloud Platform & App Engine, Microsoft Azure Stack & FunctionsDevelopment of
• Cloud Applications - Theory: What makes a "Cloud native application" (Microservice concepts, 12-factor app method, automation of test/deployment/operation)
• Development of Cloud Applications - Practice: Use of Cloud Development Toolboxes, including preparation of the virtual infrastructure (Terraform), application development with container virtualization and automated deployment (Docker, Kubernetes)

Case studies, practical exercises, project work with presentations of results, development of topics by self-study and webinars, lecture

Continuous assessment: Project work (creation of a cloud infrastructure and presentation of results), final test

The content corresponds to the current curriculum published by the International Requirements Engineering Board (IREB®):
• Introduction and Overview of Requirements Engineering
• Fundamental Principles of Requirements Engineering
• Work Products and Documentation Practices
• Practices for Requirements Elaboration
• Process and Working Structure
• Management Practice for Requirements 
• Tool Support

Lecture, practical exercise of the contents in groups.

Continuous assessment

The architecture of a software system describes the essential components of the system, their relationships and structure, as well as the behavior and dynamics of the relationships and structure of these components. Within the scope of software design, the requirements for the target software, its static and dynamic system properties as well as the selected software architecture are specified with the help of graphic and textual expression possibilities.
The course covers in particular the following contents:

• Basic building blocks and concepts of software architecturesRole
• and function of software architectsDesign
• and development of software architecturesSoftware architecture styles
• and patternsProcedural models of
• software architecture and software designSoftware architecture description languagesModeling of
• software architectures and software systems using UML quality
• in software architecturesFormal
• and de facto industry standardsTools

for

• creating software architectures and software designs

Case studies, practical exercises, lectures.

Continuous assessment

Software is subject to an ageing process that can be assessed by key figures. In the course of the Advanced Software Development course, concepts are taught on how code quality can be assessed. On the basis of key figures methods are shown with the help of tools to improve the code quality. These measures can only be implemented meaningfully with the help of configuration management.
The LV covers in particular the following contents:

• Configuration Management (SVN/git)
• Setting up a project in Configuration ManagementBasic
• concepts when working with a configuration management toolOverview of
• Software Design PatternsRefactoring
• , Bad SmellsCode
• QualitySoftware
• Key Figures

Lecture with slides, hands on training on a software project in the group.

Final exam: Group work

Software Engineering Project 1 enables students to implement the knowledge acquired during their studies in a concrete project. In the first semester, a concrete problem is analyzed and a design for the software solution is worked out using Advanced Project Management methods. This solution will then be implemented in the software project in the second semester.
The LV covers in particular the following contents:

• Application of modern project management methods to a concrete project Formulation
• , classification and prioritization of requirements for a concrete problem Use of
• UML diagrams (Use Case, class, activity and sequence diagrams) for software design design to meet requirements Structured
• and standardized documentation of results as a high-level design document that serves as a basis for implementation

.

Group work, practical project implementation accompanied by exercises and coaching

Final exam: Project submission

Starting from the development of classic middleware and EAI concepts, the current paradigms (service-oriented architecture) and technologies (software-as-a-service, microservices, REST services) are explained, with particular emphasis on engineering tasks in large, complex software systems. A practical implementation project serves to consolidate what has been learned.

• Distribution, Layering, synchronous vs. asynchronous, Middleware, RPC/RMI, Transaction Processing.
• Message-based Middleware, Queueing, EAI, Message Broker, Adapter, Workflow Management.
• Web architectures, application server, XML, JSON.
• Component-based Software Engineering, Metrics, Procurement-oriented Requirements Analysis, Software Engineering at large scale.
• Services: SOA, Web Services, REST, Microservices, ESB, Service Integration.

Lecture, distance learning support and seminar presentations, practical project.

Continuous assessment: Immanent assessment of student presentations, written test, practical project in small group.

• Networking
  • Basics of traditional networks
  • Basics of virtual networking, especially in the Cloud
• Cloud
  • Basic understanding of public Cloud providers: AWS, Azure, GCP
• Containerisation
  • Theory of containerization
• Monitoring
  • Basic understanding of monitoring of containers and traditional programs
• Basic DevOps knowledge
  • Concept of Three Ways
  • Definition of DevOps
  • Examples of DevOps practices
  • Knowledge of SCRUM, Agile, Kanban
• Programming
  • Scripting
  • OOP
  • Any programming languages
  • Web development
  • Basic security principles in software engineering
  • Main protocols: HTTP/S, TCP, UDP, RDP etc.
• General skills
  • Problem-solving
  • Presentation skills
  • Team skills
  • Some practical work experience

Case studies, lecture, practical exercises

Continuous assessment: Group and individual work

Software Integration is a method of implementing and integrating technical and business functions and processes across the enterprise, distributed across different applications on different platforms. The goal is to achieve integrated process management through a network of internal company applications and cloud-based services of different generations and architectures. Software Integration deals with the integration of existing systems (legacy systems) into a company-wide overall architecture (Enterprise Application Integration) and the integration of various new software systems into an overall architecture.
The LV covers in particular the following contents:

• Basic methods of software integrationSoftware
• integration lifecycle managementNon-technical
• criteria in software integrationService
• oriented architectureSelection criteria
• for the use of commercial, off-the-shelf software (COTS) or customer-specific software solutionsHigh-level
• design of software integration solutionsIntegration of
• open source solutionsIntegration

of

• cloud servicesTools
• of system integration (Enterprise Service Bus, Web Services)
• Role and function of software integrators

Case studies, practical exercises, lecture.

Continuous assessment: Preparation of a case study, group work

Software Engineering Project 2 enables students to implement the knowledge acquired during their studies in a concrete project. In the second semester, based on requirements and design draft from the software design project, the software solution is implemented in the first semester using modern software development methods and tools. This implemented solution is then systematically tested and improvements are incorporated.
The LV covers in particular the following contents:

• Implementation of classes and data structures based on the High Level Design documentUse of
• software algorithms for the implementation of activity and sequence diagramsDefinition
• and prioritization of test cases under consideration of requirementsConduction of
• test scenarios with current test tools

Group work, practical project implementation accompanied by exercises and coaching

Final exam: Project delivery.

The following contents will be discussed:

• Introduction, mode, motivation
• Basics of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL)
• ML design: collecting and preparing data, selecting and training ML/DL algorithms, evaluating and optimizing models, using AI solutions in operation
• Developing interdisciplinary AI applications in medicine and industry
• Include safety, security, ethics and human-AI cooperation in the design of AI solutions

The exercise covers the following content

• Selection of an interdisciplinary application
• Developing an ML/DL pipeline for the application
• Data engineering
• Use and evaluation of ML and DL algorithms in the application
• Inclusion of safety, security, ethics and human-AI cooperation aspects in the application

Case studies, practical exercises, lecture

Final exam: Written exam (50%) - Own project (50%) In addition, up to 10 points can be gained through the activity: Asking questions, answering questions, additional exercises

In the LV Complex Problem Solving methods of the Theory of Constraints are applied to solve complex problems with a focus on software integration and engineering. Starting from a structured and prioritised definition of objectives, the existing situation is analysed and problems are systematically analysed and solved on the way to the desired situation. Finally, the change management methods for implementing the desired situation will be explained.

In particular, the following contents will be discussed:

• Introduction to the Theory of ConstraintsCategories of
• Legitimate Reservation
• Intermediate Objectives Map
• Current Reality Tree
• Evaporating Cloud

Case studies, lectures, practical exercises in groups.

Continuous assessment: group work

Software testing as an analytical part of quality assurance is an integral part of software engineering. The software test pursues the goal of finding errors in a systematic way and thus reducing inherent risks of software development in a timely manner. It must be prevented that errors in the operation of the software lead to damage for users or companies. The ongoing digitalization increases our dependence on software and thus the probability of being affected by errors.
In view of the increase in complexity and development speed (keyword: Continuous Deployment) associated with digitization, the competence requirements for the role of the software tester are increasing, sometimes dramatically: more and more test cases must be mastered in ever shorter cycles. Without test design methods, tool support and automation, professional testing is no longer possible today.
A solid basic education is a basic requirement for the contribution that software testing has to make in modern software development.
This course therefore covers the following contents in particular:

• Basics of software testingTesting
• in the software life cycleStatic
• testTest management
• (organisation and test process)
• Test toolsImpulse
• on current industry trends: Agile testing and DevOpsThis

course prepares for the examination for the ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level.

Lecture, practical exercises.

Continuous assessment: Individual development of a test process, group work, final exam.

Students work individually or in small groups on projects related to software design and software engineering technologies and applications in the context of university R&D activities or within the scope of their individual professional activities. These projects are the practice-relevant basis for the master theses.

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Continuous assessment: Project progress, proof of function, project presentation

The process of innovation is paired with creativity on the one hand and precise analysis and evaluation on the other. Essential are methods and tools for the development of new ideas, their positioning and above all the recognition of critical success factors. The team aspect is very important here. The lecture also refers to psychological criteria.
Entrepreneurial thinking is a constant sequence of evaluation, decision and correction. The lecture will focus on techniques that support decision making, enable assessment, and support metric-based management.

Furthermore,  the lecture refers to start-ups, in particular to the phases of a start-up, the financing possibilities, the critical aspects of growth and the management of business
success. This LV contains in particular:

• Methods for the development and evaluation of InnovationBlue
• Ocean MethodThe
• Vision-Mission-Value PyramidRainmaking
• MethodBasics of
• Hamming PrincipleApplication forms of
• agile project management incl. ScrumLeading
• and lagging Indicators for the application of decision techniquesTeam aspects
• in the innovation cycleEvaluation options for
• innovations, e.g. Gartner Hypecycle, Magic quadrantDynamics of
• growth, cash flow and scalabilityStarting
• a start-up, Business mechanismsFinancing options
• , Angels vs. ventures and exit strategies

Case studies, lecture

Final exam: Elaboration of case studies, final testing

Legal IT Aspects introduces students to the legal basics of the IT business. The focus is on contract law with a focus on IT and IT liability and data protection law.
The course covers the following topics in particular:

• Special features of contract law in the IT business (especially software contracts as well as usage and exploitation agreements)
• E-Commerce and legal protection of databases
• Data protection and data security
• IT-liability law
• E-commerce law
• Consumer protection in distance selling

Lecture, Case Studies

Final exam: Preparation of a case study, final testing

• Presentation and discussion of the final thesis
• Expert discussion

Independent development

Final exam: Master exam

• Deepening the basic principles of scientific work
• Reading, understanding and interpreting relevant scientific texts
• Literature research
• Formal methods of scientific work
• Students present the current development of their Master's thesis at regular intervals and put it up for discussion in the plenum

Lecture, Case Studies

Continuous assessment: Presentations, home exercises

• Independent work on a subject relevant topic based on the technical topics of the compulsory elective modules in the third semester at an academic level under the supervision of a supervisor
• Elaboration of the master thesis

Independent work supported by coaching

Final exam: Seminar paper